E-FUEL PATHWAYS
Explore E-Fuels
// FUELS · ENGINES · APPLICATIONS //
Explore the production routes, physical properties, storage requirements and engine applications of different synthetic fuel pathways.
E-FUEL OVERVIEW
Different fuels. Different pathways.
// No single e-fuel pathway is suited to every engine or operating environment. //
E-fuels are synthetic liquid or gaseous fuels produced using electricity-derived hydrogen. Depending on the pathway, hydrogen is combined with captured carbon or nitrogen through a specific synthesis process.
KEY CONSIDERATIONS
What shapes the suitability of an e-fuel pathway.
The suitability of a pathway depends on production inputs, storage conditions, engine compatibility and the infrastructure required for real-world use.
Production Inputs
Storage Conditions
Engine Compatibility
Infrastructure & Applications
FROM PATHWAY TO APPLICATION
Fuel choice depends on more than the fuel itself.
Physical State
E-fuels may be stored as liquids, gases, compressed gases or liquefied gases, each with different handling requirements.
Storage Requirements
Tank design, pressure, temperature and safety controls vary by pathway.
Infrastructure Needs
Refuelling, bunkering, distribution and onsite handling depend on the selected fuel.
Typical Applications
Suitability changes across aviation, marine, road and industrial systems.
E-FUEL PATHWAYS
A closer look at each e-fuel pathway.
e-Kerosene
A synthetic liquid fuel pathway developed for aviation applications where the required jet-fuel specifications and certification conditions are met.
Physical State: LiquidProduction Route: Synthesis, upgrading and refiningTypical Application: AviationCompatibility: Specification and certification dependent
e-Methanol
A synthetic liquid fuel produced from renewable hydrogen and a carbon-based feedstock through methanol synthesis.
Physical State: LiquidProduction Route: Methanol synthesisTypical Applications: Marine and industrial systemsCompatibility: Modified or dedicated systems may be required
e-Methane
A synthetic gaseous fuel produced by combining renewable hydrogen with a carbon-based feedstock through methanation.
Physical State: GasProduction Route: MethanationTypical Applications: Marine, road and industrial systemsCompatibility: Dedicated gas storage and delivery systems
e-Ammonia
A synthetic fuel pathway produced by combining renewable hydrogen with nitrogen.
Physical State: Liquefied gasProduction Route: Ammonia synthesisTypical Applications: Marine and industrial systemsCompatibility: Dedicated systems and strict safety control
Synthetic Diesel
A synthetic liquid hydrocarbon pathway intended for compression-ignition applications where the relevant specifications and approvals are met.
Physical State: LiquidProduction Route: Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and upgradingTypical Applications: Heavy-duty, marine and industrial systemsCompatibility: Potential drop-in use is specification dependent
Synthetic Gasoline
A synthetic liquid hydrocarbon pathway intended for spark-ignition engine applications.
Physical State: LiquidProduction Route: Fuel synthesis and refiningTypical Applications: Road and spark-ignition enginesCompatibility: Fuel specification and engine approval dependent
E-FUEL QUESTIONS
Frequently asked questions
ENGINE APPLICATIONS
See where each fuel pathway may be applied.
Explore how engine design, storage, infrastructure and operating requirements influence fuel suitability across aviation, marine, road and industrial systems.
Explore engine applications.
See how storage, infrastructure and operating requirements differ across aviation, marine, road and industrial systems.
Insights & Article
